Tropical Africa TCN Logo

African Plants Portal

Dataset: MO-Seed Plants
Taxa: Bulbophyllum
Search Criteria: excluding cultivated/captive occurrences

Page 5, records 401-500 of 610

Missouri Botanical Garden


MO:Seed Plants
101899481S. Brionnaud   122000-00-00
Comoros, Grande Comore (Ngazidja), Protected due to name conservation status

MO:Seed Plants
101899479S. Brionnaud   322000-07-24
Comoros, Grande Comore (Ngazidja), Singani, Mdjoyézi. Forèt au dessus de la coulée de lave de 1977., -11.8333333 43.3166667, 400m

MO:Seed Plants
101899475Jean-Jacques Floret   12951975-03-10
Comoros, Grande Comore (Ngazidja), Forêt de Karthala, versant Est au dessus de Madjou., 1300m

MO:Seed Plants
101899484S. Brionnaud   492000-08-12
Comoros, Grande Comore (Ngazidja), Bahani, Haboho. Forêt de Bahani, -11.6333333 43.3, 670m

MO:Seed Plants
101899476Léon Humblot   15301886-05-00
Comoros, Grande Comore (Ngazidja)

MO:Seed Plants
102194704W.R.Q. Luke   109372005-05-24
Tanzania, Morogoro, Kilosa, Rubeho Mountains. Ukwiva Forest Reserve 1st camp - pt2. Montane forest with grassy glades/hilltops & swamps., -7.0666667 36.6333333, 1810m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum concatenatum P.J. Cribb & P. Taylor
102334383H.J. Schlieben   31551932-12-22
Tanzania, Morogoro, Morogoro Rural, Uluguru-Geb., -7.16666 37.66666, 1800m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum unifoliatum subsp. flectens (P.J. Cribb & P. Taylor) J.J. Verm.
102385359E.W.B.H. Milne-Redhead   81991956-01-11
Tanzania, Ruvuma, Mbinga, Matengo Hills, Lupembe Hill., -11.0333333 34.9166667, 1860m

MO:Seed Plants
102497348Gilles Dauby   1462007-02-26
Gabon, Estuaire, Foret classée de la Mondah, parcelle des conservateurs., 0.5787778 9.3346944

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102544653Moses A. Mwangoka   50492006-11-19
Tanzania, Kigoma, Kigoma Rural, Ntakata, S part of riverine forest., -5.9588889 30.2252778, 1170m

MO:Seed Plants
102549104Y.S. Abeid   29352008-07-25
Tanzania, Mbeya, Rungwe, Syukula Village, Rungwe Forest Reserve; montane forest, plot no. 50., -9.1847222 33.6388889, 1649m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102723038Tariq Stévart   39582011-02-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Birougou National Park, Massif du Chaillu, 35 km SE of Mbigou, Moukimbi village., -2.0420277 12.16125, 740m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102723041Tariq Stévart   39592011-02-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Birougou National Park, Massif du Chaillu, 35 km SE of Mbigou, Moukimbi village., -2.0420277 12.16125, 740m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum schinzianum Kraenzl. ex De Wild. & T. Durand
102723044Tariq Stévart   39602011-02-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Birougou National Park, Massif du Chaillu, 35 km SE of Mbigou, Moukimbi village., -2.0420277 12.16125, 740m

MO:Seed Plants
102723517Tariq Stévart   40502011-02-18
Gabon, Ngounié, Birougou National Park, Massif du Chaillu, 40 km SE of Mbigou, 5.5 km E of Moukimbi village. MBG transect TS 8., -2.0414 12.21875, 760m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102732359Miguel E. Leal   14642007-03-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Massif du Chaillu, in between Waka and Lope National Parks, east side of Balendi Hills., -1.1077778 11.2288889, 450m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102732341Miguel E. Leal   14552007-03-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Massif du Chaillu, in between Waka and Lope National Parks, east side of Balendi Hills. Steep wide slope, east facing flank., -1.1075 11.2284167, 400 - 500m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102732343Miguel E. Leal   14562007-03-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Massif du Chaillu, in between Waka and Lope National Parks, east side of Balendi Hills. Steep wide slope, east facing flank., -1.1075 11.2284167, 400 - 500m

MO:Seed Plants
102745054Tariq Stévart   40882011-10-10
Guinea, Nzérékoré, Lola, Guinea Forestière. Nimba Mountains. SMFG iron ore mine concession. Rivière Zié., 7.6737833 -8.3728333, 1258m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum cocoinum Bateman ex Lindl.
102745120Tariq Stévart   40892011-10-10
Guinea, Nzérékoré, Lola, Guinea Forestière. Nimba Mountains. SMFG iron ore mine concession. Á 400 m de la station de pompage de la Zié., 7.67225 -8.37405, 1275m

MO:Seed Plants
102750111John K. Morton   SL31411965-12-15
Sierra Leone, Eastern, Tingi Hills. Just N of the camp on plateau and S of camp., 8.916667 -10.783333

MO:Seed Plants
102750159C. Geerling   17141967-12-14
Ivory Coast, Danane, Mount Nimba., 8.4166667 -7.6166667, 1300m

MO:Seed Plants
102807473Tariq Stévart   46812012-10-17
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié. West side of the Ngounié river, road to the camp., -0.81625 10.5200667, 84m

MO:Seed Plants
102807358Tariq Stévart   46542012-10-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié, near the camp., -0.7475 10.5452777, 66m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum maximum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
102807362Tariq Stévart   46552012-10-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié, near the camp., -0.7475 10.5452777, 66m

MO:Seed Plants
102807386Tariq Stévart   46612012-10-15
Gabon, Moyen-Ogooué, Lambaréné, on river Ogooué to Evaro Lake., -0.8756833 10.1652833, 23m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum colubrinum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
102807413Tariq Stévart   46672012-10-16
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié. East side of the Ngounié river, along the road of the camp., -0.77975 10.5457333, 103m

MO:Seed Plants
102807105Tariq Stévart   46282012-10-12
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié, along the Ngounié river., -0.8119667 10.5008167, 24m

MO:Seed Plants
102807548Tariq Stévart   46992012-10-18
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié. Lake near the Ngounié river., -0.8321833 10.5278833

MO:Seed Plants
102807524Tariq Stévart   46932012-10-18
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié. Lake near the Ngounié river., -0.8338833 10.52765, 27m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum colubrinum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
102807556Tariq Stévart   47012012-10-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié. SE of the camp. Plot IRD 11., -0.7313889 10.5933333, 111m

MO:Seed Plants
102807560Tariq Stévart   47022012-10-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié. SE of the camp. Plot IRD 11., -0.7313889 10.5933333, 111m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum colubrinum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
102807089Tariq Stévart   46242012-10-11
Gabon, Ngounié, Mabounié, near Hill 3., -0.7295167 10.55955, 53m

MO:Seed Plants
102816829Cyrille Mas   15932012-11-08
Guinea, Nzérékoré, Lola, Guinée Forestière. Monts Nimba. Site du patrimoine mondial. Haute vallée de Wolanda sous la base géologique., 7.654183 -8.376667, 1468m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102841687Y.S. Abeid   33882009-11-13
Tanzania, Rukwa, Sumbawanga Rural, Kafukoka Village land, ca. 570 m W of WCS/SHCP Nawinga Camp., -8.2966666 31.1311111, 1190m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102844027O.A. Kibure   16162009-02-04
Tanzania, Iringa, Ludewa, Madenge Forest Reserve., -9.89705 34.6431833, 2060m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum maximum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
102874471Tariq Stévart   47672013-11-10
Gabon, Ngounié, SE of Lambaréné. Mabounié, east side of the Ngounié River. Forest along the road to the camp., -0.79995 10.52235, 64m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum colubrinum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
102876637Ehoarn Bidault   14692013-11-26
Gabon, Moyen-Ogooué, Zone de Lambaréné, à 20 km au sud de la ville, à la pointe Nord du lac Evaro., -0.873944 10.134583, 34m

MO:Seed Plants
102908110Tariq Stévart   48202014-10-24
Gabon, Moyen-Ogooué, 10 km, Village of Mpaga. Bas Ogooué Ramsar Site. Transect TS 36 C., -0.785306 9.477, 137m

MO:Seed Plants
102908115Tariq Stévart   48212014-10-24
Gabon, Moyen-Ogooué, 10 km, Village of Mpaga. Bas Ogooué Ramsar Site. Transect TS 36 C., -0.785306 9.477, 137m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
102927778Diosdado Nguema   28912014-11-18
Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime, Rabi (parcelle Smithsonian), -1.92334 9.881861, 31m

MO:Seed Plants
102937954Vincent Droissart   3672007-04-13
Cameroon, South, Bifa (piste sur la route Kribi-Ebolowa). A 5km au SE de Zingui. Campement à 2 h de marche à l'E-SE du village. Le long d'une piste de chasseur entre le campement et le relevé permanent situé à 30 minutes de marche au SE du campement., 2.7112 10.25461, 105m

MO:Seed Plants
102937952Vincent Droissart   3612007-04-13
Cameroon, South, Bifa (piste sur la route Kribi-Ebolowa). A 5km au SE de Zingui. Campement à 2 h de marche à l'E-SE du village. Relevé permanent (1 ha) à environ 3 heures de marche du campement., 2.66643 10.28193, 105m

MO:Seed Plants
102939247Vincent Droissart   15072013-07-02
Cameroon, South, Province du Sud, village de Ma'an, UFA 09-022 (Wijma)., 2.400503 10.800746, 567m

MO:Seed Plants
102938010Vincent Droissart   5462007-05-23
Cameroon, South, Bidou III/Nkolembonda (route Kribi-Ebolowa). Campement au pied du Mt des Éléphants à moins d'un km de la route qui va de Bidou III à HEVECAM. Entre le pied de la colline et 300 mètres d'altitudes sur le versant E-SE., 2.80227 10.02573, 155m

MO:Seed Plants
102937921Vincent Droissart   1082006-06-02
Cameroon, South, Akom II (route Kribi-Ebolowa). Campement à 3 h de marche au S du village. Relevé effectué aux alentours du campement., 2.74813 10.5397, 700m

MO:Seed Plants
102937946Vincent Droissart   3332007-04-13
Cameroon, South, Bifa (piste sur la route Kribi-Ebolowa). A 5km au SE de Zingui. Campement à 2 h de marche à l'E-SE du village. Le long d'une piste de chasseur entre le relevé permanent situé à 30 minutes de marche au SE du campement et la rivière Nyété., 2.70403 10.26473, 110m

MO:Seed Plants
102937991Vincent Droissart   4672007-04-25
Cameroon, South, Akom II (route Kribi-Ebolowa). Campement à 3 h de marche au S du village. Relevé permanent (1 ha) sur versant de la colline siruée à l'O du campement., 2.74928 10.53863, 765m

MO:Seed Plants
102938008Vincent Droissart   5412007-05-12
Cameroon, South, Bindem (route allant vers Messama, perpendiculaire à la route Kribi-Ebolowa). Campement à 2 h de marche au SO du village. Le long d'une piste villageoise à 3 heures de marche au SO du campement ., 2.68122 10.77452, 590m

MO:Seed Plants
102938007Vincent Droissart   5382007-05-12
Cameroon, South, Bindem (route allant vers Messama, perpendiculaire à la route Kribi-Ebolowa). Campement à 2 h de marche au SO du village. Aux alentours du campement., 2.6908 10.79204, 570m

MO:Seed Plants
102938039Vincent Droissart   6832009-10-21
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Chemin ('Montane trail') partant de Nyasoso jusqu'au sommet du Mont, entre 1100 et 1300 m., 4.82438 9.69956, 1200m

MO:Seed Plants
102938018Vincent Droissart   6212007-07-10
Cameroon, South, Bindem (route allant vers Messama, perpendiculaire à la route Kribi-Ebolowa). Campement à 2 h de marche au SO du village. Sur une piste de chasseur à environ 3 heures 30 de marche au SO du campement., 2.65464 10.75882, 595m

MO:Seed Plants
102938030Vincent Droissart   6712009-10-20
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Chemin ('Montane trail') partant de Nyasoso jusqu'au sommet du Mont, entre 1600 et 1760 m., 4.81037 9.70673, 1761m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum jaapii Szlach. & Olszewski
102938027Vincent Droissart   6682009-10-20
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Chemin ('Montane trail') partant de Nyasoso jusqu'au sommet du Mont, entre 1600 et 1760 m., 4.81037 9.70673, 1761m

MO:Seed Plants
102938057Vincent Droissart   7152009-10-23
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Village de Nyasoso., 4.83269 9.68479, 869m

MO:Seed Plants
102938055Vincent Droissart   7132009-10-23
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Village de Nyasoso., 4.83269 9.68479, 869m

MO:Seed Plants
102938021Vincent Droissart   6572009-10-05
Cameroon, East, Ngovile (Maséa). 75 km au SE de Yokadouma sur la route entre Ngato et Gribé., 3.16452 14.86852, 548m

MO:Seed Plants
102938036Vincent Droissart   6772009-10-20
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Chemin ('Montane trail') partant de Nyasoso jusqu'au sommet du Mont, 1600 m., 4.81682 9.70798, 1642m

MO:Seed Plants
102938048Vincent Droissart   6962009-10-21
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Village de Nyasoso., 4.83269 9.68479, 869m

MO:Seed Plants
102938052Vincent Droissart   7022009-10-22
Cameroon, Southwest, Mt Kupe. Chemin ('Montane trail') partant de Nyasoso jusqu'au sommet du Mont, entre 1760 et 1950 m., 4.80986 9.70608, 1762m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum colubrinum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
102951339Ehoarn Bidault   21912015-10-26
Gabon, Ogooué-Ivindo, Concession forestière Rougier-Ivindo. Bord du fleuve, à côté du bac., -0.1406389 12.1953611, 180m

MO:Seed Plants
102951334Ehoarn Bidault   21902015-10-26
Gabon, Ogooué-Ivindo, Concession forestière Rougier-Ivindo. Bord du fleuve, à côté du bac., -0.1406389 12.1953611, 180m

MO:Seed Plants
102967674Beverley A. Lewis   13811997-01-19
Tanzania, Iringa, Mufindi, Luhega Forest Reserve, Udzungwa Scarp Forest. Track from Mbawi to Chita., -8.4 35.9, 1720m

MO:Seed Plants
102967681W.M. Moreau   4771943-01-19
Tanzania, Morogoro, Mvomero, Uluguru Mts, W side of Lukwangule Plateau., -7.1333333 37.6, 2290m

MO:Seed Plants
102967679S.T. Iversen   874831987-05-14
Tanzania, Tanga, Muheza, E Usambara Mts, Amani Medical Research Centre., -5.1 38.6333333, 880m

MO:Seed Plants
103029750Tariq Stévart   50582017-09-15
Guinea, Conakry, Nimba. Seringbara 2, 362 m south., 7.63155 -8.4166667, 1123m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum josephi (Kuntze) Summerh.
103029871Tariq Stévart   50922017-09-26
Guinea, Conakry, Nimba. Kaiser North., 7.6647333 -8.37295, 1508m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum josephi (Kuntze) Summerh.
103029883Tariq Stévart   50962017-09-28
Guinea, Conakry, Nimba. Wolenda Valley near base géologique. Savannah area., 7.6549333 -8.3744333, 1401m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
103029819Tariq Stévart   50762017-09-22
Guinea, Conakry, Nimba. Summit of Leae mountain., 7.6536167 -8.34605, 843m

MO:Seed Plants
103029843Tariq Stévart   50812017-09-23
Guinea, Conakry, Nimba. Camp Gbié savanne. Near the river, orchid plot Nimba 2017-18., 7.6452833 -8.3340667, 576m

MO:Seed Plants
103029846Tariq Stévart   50822017-09-23
Guinea, Conakry, Nimba. Camp Gbié savanne. Near the river, orchid plot Nimba 2017-18., 7.6452833 -8.3340667, 576m

MO:Seed Plants
103027155F.M. van der Laan   7451984-01-31
Gabon, Estuaire, Greenhouse number 83PTGA333. Leg. J.J. de Wilde c.s, s.n. (WALKB) 6-6-1983. (Gabon). See for loc. J.J. de Wilde c.s. (WALKB) nr 259., 0.8833333 10.2, 550m

MO:Seed Plants
103041041Ehoarn Bidault   36722017-11-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Dibwangui, bords de la Louétsi., -2.1148056 11.5840833, 412m

MO:Seed Plants
103035272Archange Boupoya   14472017-07-20
Gabon, Estuaire, Région des Monts de Cristal., 0.388734 10.272466, 54m

MO:Seed Plants
103041850Ehoarn Bidault   36702017-11-13
Gabon, Ngounié, Dibwangui, bords de la Louétsi., -2.1148056 11.5840833, 412m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum schinzianum Kraenzl. ex De Wild. & T. Durand
103041847Ehoarn Bidault   38222017-11-17
Gabon, Ngounié, Dibwangui, bords de la Louétsi, en remontant vers les rapides., -2.1085278 11.5839444, 386m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum sandersonii (Hook. f.) Rchb. f.
103042768Tariq Stévart   51172017-11-15
São Tomé and Príncipe, São Tomé., 0.2853667 6.59955, 1282m

MO:Seed Plants
103051383Tariq Stévart   51772018-04-20
Gabon, Ngounié, Department of Mbigou. Dibangi. Waterfall in front of the village., -2.1179 11.5855667, 375m

MO:Seed Plants
103051387Tariq Stévart   51792018-04-20
Gabon, Ngounié, Department of Mbigou. Dibangi. Waterfall in front of the village., -2.1179 11.5855667, 375m

MO:Seed Plants
103051379Tariq Stévart   51752018-04-20
Gabon, Ngounié, Department of Mbigou. Dibangi. Waterfall in front of the village., -2.1177833 11.5844167, 382m

MO:Seed Plants
103051350Tariq Stévart   51612018-04-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Department of Mbigou. Dibangi (village of Mandji). Falls 2.5 km, north of the village on Louétsi River., -2.1020667 11.586, 301m

MO:Seed Plants
103047289João Farminhão   262017-11-01
Gabon, Estuaire, Monts de Cristal, Upper Komo Valley, dam construction site on SEEF concession area., 0.373067 10.583533, 469m

MO:Seed Plants
103047316João Farminhão   672017-11-04
Gabon, Estuaire, Monts de Cristal, Upper Komo Valley, SEEF concession area about 6.5 km SW from Violaineville., 0.369733 10.5337, 268m

MO:Seed Plants
103047297João Farminhão   392017-11-01
Gabon, Estuaire, Monts de Cristal, Upper Komo Valley, dam construction site on SEEF concession area., 0.386817 10.560667, 550m

MO:Seed Plants
103042842Tariq Stévart   51522018-02-19
São Tomé and Príncipe, Príncipe, Principe, path to Pico Mesa., 1.5920833 7.3573667, 207m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum falcatum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
103052561Tania D'Haijere   1202017-11-30
São Tomé and Príncipe, São Tomé, São Tomé, Bombaim, Cascades., 0.2548 6.62865, 529m

MO:Seed Plants
103055610Ehoarn Bidault   38562018-03-18
Gabon, Ngounié, Site Ramsar de Birougou, 20 km au Nord de Malinga, village Mbomo, vers la Bibaka., -2.27966 12.22115, 621m

MO:Seed Plants
103056043Ehoarn Bidault   39852018-03-21
Gabon, Ngounié, Site Ramsar de Birougou, au Nord de Malinga, entre les villages Leyonga et Mbengamamba., -2.18096 12.16755, 764m

MO:Seed Plants
103056165Ehoarn Bidault   40202018-03-22
Gabon, Ngounié, Site Ramsar de Birougou, au Nord de Malinga, le long de la rivière Bissina., -2.20211 12.1764, 652m

MO:Seed Plants
103056185Ehoarn Bidault   40272018-03-22
Gabon, Ngounié, Site Ramsar de Birougou, au Nord de Malinga, le long de la rivière Bissina., -2.2048 12.17879, 656m

MO:Seed Plants
103055736Ehoarn Bidault   38942018-03-19
Gabon, Ngounié, Site Ramsar de Birougou, 20 km au Nord de Malinga, village Mbomo, vers la Bibaka., -2.28338 12.21947, 624m

MO:Seed Plants
103056260Ehoarn Bidault   40482018-03-23
Gabon, Ngounié, Site Ramsar de Birougou, au Nord de Malinga, autour du village Mbengamamba., -2.16588 12.16978, 697m

MO:Seed Plants
103109039Archange Boupoya   15622018-02-21
Gabon, Estuaire, Le long de la rivière Tsibilé, Monts de Cristal., 0.323354 10.333545, 127m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
103125234Ehoarn Bidault   47432019-09-27
Guinea, Nzérékoré, Massif du Ziama, piste Manilkara, vers le sommet Tambacouda., 8.38118 -9.33255, 976m

MO:Seed Plants
103136600Carvalho   53031993-05-12
Equatorial Guinea, Litoral, Bata-Bicomo, estrada km 30, margens del Río Ecucu.

MO:Seed Plants
103174142Ehoarn Bidault   51492020-10-28
Gabon, Estuaire, Entre Kinguélé et Tchimbélé, au sud de Makaban, le long de la Bangoui., 0.534355 10.299159, 310m

MO:Seed Plants
103173953Ehoarn Bidault   50952020-10-25
Gabon, Estuaire, Andok Foula, en remontant la Missolo., 0.405049 10.213195, 40m

MO:Seed Plants
103173907Ehoarn Bidault   50812020-10-25
Gabon, Estuaire, Andok Foula, en remontant la Missolo., 0.393929 10.204042, 70m

MO:Seed Plants
103168733Eric Akouangou   1442020-08-02
Gabon, Estuaire, Monts de Cristal (entre Kinguélé et Tchimbélé)., 0.46347 10.28113, 89m

MO:Seed Plants
Bulbophyllum Thouars
103170556Davy Ikabanga   12472020-07-28
Gabon, Haut-Ogooué, Route nationale 3, tronçon Franceville-Moanda, village Bekoyo., -1.63666 13.3877, 287m


Page 5, records 401-500 of 610


Google Map

Google Maps is a web mapping service provided by Google that features a map that users can pan (by dragging the mouse) and zoom (by using the mouse wheel). Collection points are displayed as colored markers that when clicked on, displays the full information for that collection. When multiple species are queried (separated by semi-colons), different colored markers denote each individual species.

Google Earth (KML)

This creates an KML file that can be opened in the Google Earth mapping application. Note that you must have Google Earth installed on your computer to make use of this option.
Add Extra Fields